The verdict in three sentences
The total cost of ownership of a custom app is the great budget omission: application maintenance runs to 12 to 20% of the build cost per year, i.e. EUR 9,600-16,000 for an app built at EUR 80,000. On top come hosting/monitoring (EUR 150-500/month) and annual enhancements. Choosing between a retainer and time-and-materials (day rate EUR 500-700) depends on your predictable volume of changes.
What maintenance actually covers
Maintenance is not just a bug "safety net". It bundles corrective work, light enhancements, security and availability.
| Maintenance type | Content | Share of budget |
|---|---|---|
| Corrective | Bug fixing | 25-35% |
| Light evolutive | Small improvements | 30-40% |
| Preventive | Updates, dependencies | 15-20% |
| Security | Patches, key rotation | 10-15% |
| User support | Level 1-2 assistance | 10-15% |
A simple rule: beyond 18 months, an unmaintained app accumulates technical debt (obsolete dependencies, vulnerabilities) whose catch-up often costs more than regular maintenance. Budgeting maintenance from the build is the most profitable decision.
Retainer vs time-and-materials: the 2026 comparison
Two models coexist. The monthly retainer smooths cost and includes an SLA; time-and-materials (billed per day) is more flexible but less predictable.
| Criterion | Monthly retainer | Time-and-materials |
|---|---|---|
| Indicative cost | EUR 800-2,500/month | EUR 500-700/day |
| Predictability | High | Low |
| SLA included | Yes | Negotiated |
| Critical fix | < 4 h (typical SLA) | Subject to availability |
| Suited to | Regular changes | One-off needs |
| Hosting/monitoring | EUR 150-500/month | EUR 150-500/month |
A typical SLA distinguishes severity levels: critical fix (app down) within 4 h, major within 1 business day, minor scheduled. Require hosting, backups and monitoring to be included or clearly billed separately — a frequent source of nasty surprises.
Mini case study
Mark, MD of an industrial SME, had a production-management app built for EUR 80,000. He had provisioned nothing for the aftermath. Maintenance quote: retainer EUR 1,500/month (critical-fix SLA < 4 h), hosting + monitoring EUR 300/month = EUR 21,600/year. In parallel he budgets 15 days of time-and-materials at EUR 600/day for annual enhancements = EUR 9,000. Annual cost of ownership: EUR 30,600, about 38% of the build. A high figure, but one that protects an EUR 80,000 asset used daily by 40 employees.
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FAQ
What percentage of the build should I plan for maintenance?
A 2026 ballpark of 12 to 20% per year, excluding major enhancements. Below 12% you only cover corrective work; enhancements pile up as technical debt.
Retainer or time-and-materials: which to choose?
Retainer if you have regular changes and want a predictable SLA. Time-and-materials if your needs are occasional. Many combine both: retainer for the run, T&M for enhancement projects.
What should a good SLA contain?
Severity levels with response times (e.g. critical < 4 h), a coverage window (business hours or 24/7), and penalties for breaches. Without quantified times, an SLA is cosmetic.
Is hosting included in maintenance?
Not always. Allow EUR 150-500/month depending on load and redundancy. Check that backups and monitoring are included, otherwise budget them separately.
Can I stop maintenance to save money?
Short term yes, but technical debt accumulates: obsolete dependencies, security flaws, incompatibilities. Catch-up often costs more than continuous maintenance.
Let's scope your project. Give us the build cost, number of users and desired SLA level: we price a fitting maintenance retainer + hosting. Detailed quote within 48 h. WhatsApp +221 77 596 93 33.
Mohamed Bah
Fondateur, Kolonell
Passionate about digital and entrepreneurship in Africa, Mohamed has been helping Sénégalese businesses with their digital transformation since 2020. Founder of Kolonell, he believes every SME deserves a professional and accessible online présence.