The verdict in three sentences
An operator running 40 small piped water schemes and 220 water kiosks, whether managed from a head office in London or Dubai or locally, typically loses a quarter of its volume between the production meter and the till. Custom operations software that reconciles meter readings, kiosk attendant sales, cash and mobile money collections, then produces the reports municipalities and the national utility expect, brings that gap down to 12 to 15% within a season. The project takes 3 to 5 months and follows the Kolonell custom application grid, from 2,500,000 to 15,000,000+ FCFA (3,810 to 22,870+ EUR).
Where 25% non-revenue water comes from
On a peri-urban network, the volume pumped is known at the borehole or tank meter. The volume sold depends on what each kiosk attendant reports and hands over. In between, losses pile up: pipe leaks, broken kiosk meters, readings copied by hand, cash sales never remitted, free water for neighbours, commissions paid on estimated volumes. The example below uses a network around Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, where water sells at 300 to 500 FCFA per cubic metre (about $0.50 to $0.85).
| Source of loss | Field example | Share of volume produced (2026 order of magnitude) |
|---|---|---|
| Physical leaks | Broken PVC pipe unreported for 10 days | 8 to 10% |
| Faulty kiosk meters | Stuck meter, sales guessed | 4 to 6% |
| Wrong or copied readings | Monthly reading in a notebook | 3 to 4% |
| Cash not remitted | Gap between meter and attendant's payment | 3 to 4% |
| Free water and illegal connections | Unauthorised tap on the main | 1 to 2% |
| Total | 40 schemes and 220 kiosks | 20 to 26% |
Software does not fix a pipe. It does make every gap visible per kiosk and per week, so the plumber goes to the right place and the conversation with the right attendant happens with figures in hand.
What the software must do: from borehole to cash box
The core is a simple reconciliation, run weekly for each scheme: volume produced at the borehole, sum of kiosk readings, amount due at the municipal tariff, amount actually collected. Attendants enter readings on an Android app that works offline and syncs as soon as a 2G or 3G signal is available.
| Function | Today | With custom software |
|---|---|---|
| Kiosk meter reading | Notebook, once a month | Offline app, meter photo, every week |
| Amount due per attendant | Head-office spreadsheet, 3 days late | Automatic at the municipal tariff |
| Collection | Cash brought to the office | Cash with digital receipt or Orange Money and Moov Money |
| Attendant commission | Based on declarations | Based on meter reading, e.g. 15% of revenue |
| Scheme balance | Quarterly, approximate | Weekly, production minus sales in % |
| Reports to municipality and utility | Written by hand, 2 days a month | Generated in the required format in minutes |
| Alerts | None | Gap above 15% on a scheme, kiosk unread for 10 days |
For comparison, packaged utility billing and non-revenue water platforms aimed at larger utilities cost, as a 2026 order of magnitude, $15,000 to $60,000 (about £12,000 to £48,000) a year in licences, and rarely handle kiosk attendants paid on commission.
Reports for municipalities, the national utility and funders
Municipalities, which own the schemes, expect a regular operating report: volumes produced and sold, revenue, fee remitted, breakdowns and repairs. Development funders and impact investors, often based in London or Dubai, ask for extra indicators such as people served or average price paid per household. The software generates all of these from the same data, avoiding three conflicting versions of the same figures.
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Budget and timeline
| Kolonell level | Budget (2026 grid) | Typical scope for a water operator |
|---|---|---|
| Simple application | 2,500,000 to 4,000,000 FCFA (3,810 to 6,100 EUR) | Offline meter readings, balance per scheme |
| Medium application | 4,000,000 to 7,000,000 FCFA (6,100 to 10,670 EUR) | Readings, collections, attendant commissions, municipal reports |
| Complex application | 7,000,000 to 15,000,000+ FCFA (10,670 to 22,870+ EUR) | All of the above plus mobile money, leak alerts, funder dashboard |
| Monthly maintenance | 35,000 / 75,000 / 120,000 FCFA (53 / 114 / 183 EUR) | Fixes, sync monitoring, new kiosks |
| Phones, attendant training | Quote-based | Depends on number of attendants and sites |
Typical timeline: 3 weeks of scoping including visits to 4 or 5 schemes, 8 to 12 weeks of development, a 3-week pilot on 5 schemes, then roll-out to the other 35 over 4 to 6 weeks with attendant training in groups.
Mini case study
Omar Haddad, COO of an impact-backed water operator managed from Dubai, sells water around Ouagadougou at an average of 400 FCFA per cubic metre. His 220 kiosks produce about 1,760 cubic metres a day, or 642,400 a year. At 25% non-revenue water he loses 160,600 cubic metres, or 64,240,000 FCFA (about $107,000). Cutting the gap to 15% within a year recovers 64,240 cubic metres and 25,696,000 FCFA (about $43,000). A complex project at 12,000,000 FCFA plus 75,000 FCFA monthly maintenance, 900,000 FCFA a year, pays back in under six months.
FAQ
Can kiosk attendants use an app? Yes, if the screen has three fields: kiosk, reading, photo. Half a day of training per group of 20 attendants is usually enough, with one champion per area.
What happens without mobile signal? The app stores readings on the phone for several days. It syncs as soon as a 2G or 3G signal returns, using a few kilobytes per reading.
Can tariffs differ by municipality? Yes, each municipality has its own rate, for example 300 FCFA in one town and 500 FCFA in another. A new rate applies from a chosen date without changing history.
What does mobile money collection cost? Fees depend on the merchant or aggregator contract, usually a percentage per transaction. They are built into net revenue calculations in the software.
Does the software detect leaks? It flags any scheme whose gap exceeds a threshold, such as 15% in a week. The technical team knows where to look instead of walking all 40 networks.
Let's scope your project. Offline readings, mobile money collection and municipal reporting for your kiosk network, with a 5-scheme pilot and full roll-out in 3 to 5 months. Detailed quote within 48 h. WhatsApp +221 77 596 93 33.
Mohamed Bah
Fondateur, Kolonell
Passionate about digital and entrepreneurship in Africa, Mohamed has been helping Sénégalese businesses with their digital transformation since 2020. Founder of Kolonell, he believes every SME deserves a professional and accessible online présence.

